There is conflicting evidence as to whether an episode of TGA predisposes to future seizures or dementia. No apparent increased risk of cerebrovascular events occurs in patients who have had an episode of TGA. Recent evidence suggests an association between TGA and migraine headaches as well as takotsubo cardiomyopathy. The lifetime recurrence rate is 2.9% to 23.8%. There is no established treatment for episodes. TGA is self-limited and resolves within 24 hours. The diagnosis is primarily clinical, but recent studies suggest that magnetic resonance imaging may be helpful. The pathophysiology of TGA is not well understood but may be related to impaired venous drainage of the hippocampus. A physically or psychologically stressful precipitating event, such as emotional stress, significant physical exertion, exposure to extreme temperatures, high-altitude conditions, Valsalva maneuver, acute illness, or sexual intercourse, is often the cause. ![]() Vomiting, headache, blurry vision, dizziness, and nausea may be present. Clinically, patients have time disorientation and often ask repeated questions regarding the day's events. Most commonly seen in patients older than 50 years, TGA results from the temporary impairment of short-term memory formation. “It may seem like there are a lot of foods that are off-limits, but if you make sure your plate is balanced and you do not overeat, you lessen the chances of experiencing any GERD-related symptoms,” Valdez said.Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a clinical syndrome characterized by anterograde amnesia, mild retrograde amnesia, and confusion up to 24 hours. Valdez says the best non-medication related solution is to approach your Thanksgiving meal with moderation in mind. Some people may look to carbonated beverages to ease stomach discomfort, but these will only intensify any discomfort due to increased amounts of bloating from the carbonation or worsen indigestion due to the introduction of more caffeine. While these medications can relieve symptoms in a pinch, Valdez says these medications are not a long-term solution and that those experiencing symptoms of GERD for longer than two weeks, even with assistance from medication, should seek out a medical expert to check for more serious issues. If you begin experiencing indigestion or other GERD-related symptoms after you eat, medications like calcium carbonate are also widely available and can be taken to ease pain. These should be taken on an empty stomach. To prevent stomachaches, proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, can reduce the amount of stomach acid secreted during digestion. Valdez recommends trying H2 blockers like famotidine or cimetidine if you develop indigestion. Those with a history of GERD have a few over-the-counter medications that can be used to ensure Thanksgiving meals don’t cause discomfort. Acetaminophen should be substituted instead as it will not exacerbate GERD symptoms. Thanksgiving can also be a stressful time for many, and people may turn to medications like ibuprofen, naproxen or aspirin for pain relief for headaches however, these can aggravate an already irritated stomach. ![]() If needed, flavored yogurts, which are less harsh on the stomach, can be substituted for dessert. If you know you are sensitive to these foods, Valdez says to fill your plate with cuts of lean turkey and ham as well as steamed veggies, salads, dressings and whole grains.
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